Manot Cave (Area D, Biogenic Unit)
Basic information
Sample name: Manot Cave (Area D, Biogenic Unit)
Reference: M. Orbach and R. Yeshurun. 2019. The hunters or the hunters: Human and hyena prey choice divergence in the Late Pleistocene Levant. Journal of Human Evolution x:1-18 [ER 3071]
Geography
Country: Israel
Coordinate: 33° 2' N, 35° 12' E
Latlng basis: based on nearby landmark
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.046
Min Ma: 0.033
Age basis: zone
Geography comments: "a large karstic cave located in Western Galilee"
coordinate based on Manot Cave
"early Upper Paleolithic... The stratigraphic sequence of the cave covers the EUP, 46-33 thousand years cal. BP" but no directly relevant dates are mentioned, so this is apparently based on correlation
coordinate based on Manot Cave
"early Upper Paleolithic... The stratigraphic sequence of the cave covers the EUP, 46-33 thousand years cal. BP" but no directly relevant dates are mentioned, so this is apparently based on correlation
Environment
Substrate: ground surface
Lithology: limestone
Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation, cave
Habitat comments: "karstic... the bone assemblage was created mainly by hyenas"
Methods
Life forms: carnivores, ungulates, other small mammals, birds, lizards, snakes, turtles
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 494 specimens
Years: 2011, 2012, 2015
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: "The cave was discovered in 2008 and has been excavated since 2010" and selected samples were collected in 2011, 2012, and 2015
Metadata
Sample no: 3344
Contributor no: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-25 16:39:50
Modified: 2019-08-25 10:47:27
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
18 species
5 singletons
total count 494
geometric series index: 28.1
Fisher's α: 3.665
geometric series k: 0.7456
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.797
Shannon's H: 1.9456
Good's u: 0.9899
Register
| †Bos primigenius (aurochs) | 11 | |
| Dama dama mesopotamica (European fallow deer) | 147 | |
| "Dama mesopotamica" | ||
| Cervus elaphus (red deer) | 10 | |
| Sus scrofa (pig) | 3 | |
| Capra sp. | 1 | |
| Equus sp. | 9 | |
| Gazella gazella (mountain gazelle) | 146 | 21.0 kg |
| Capreolus capreolus (roe deer) | 4 | |
| Crocuta crocuta (spotted hyena) | 14 | 66.0 kg |
| Panthera leo (lion) | 1 | 147.0 kg |
| Felis lybica (African wildcat) | 3 | 4.5 kg |
| "Felis sylvestris" | ||
| Canis lupus (gray wolf) | 1 | 43.0 kg |
| Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | 10 | |
| Lepus capensis | 1 | |
| Testudo graeca | 37 | |
| Pseudopus apodus | 1 | |
| "Ophisaurus apodus" | ||
| Serpentes indet. | 49 | |
| Aves indet. | 46 | |
| three size classes | ||