Geographical Society Cave
Basic information
Sample name: Geographical Society Cave
Reference: Y. V. Kuzmin. 1992. Geoarchaeological study of the Late Paleolithic sites in Primorye, the far east Russia. Quaternary Research 31(4):243-254 [ER 3096]
Geography
Country: Russia
Coordinate: 43° 52' N, 133° 0' E
Latlng basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Max Ma: 0.04865
Min Ma: 0.03451
Age basis: radiocarbon
Geography comments: "in the Lozovyi Range (Khandolaz) near Ekaterinovka Village, approximately 20 km from Nakhodka City (Partizanskii District of Primorskii Territory... on the right bank of the Partizanskaya River" (Baryshnikov 2014)
there are four AMS 14C dates on "hyena bone-fragments" and only one of them (34510 +/- 1800 ybp) is not a minimum, but there are also two newer dates of 46000 +/- 700 and 48650 +/- 2380/1840 ybp (Baryshnikov 2014); calibration is not discussed (not clear if these are calibrated because two dates have symmetrically distributed errors and one doesn't)
there are four AMS 14C dates on "hyena bone-fragments" and only one of them (34510 +/- 1800 ybp) is not a minimum, but there are also two newer dates of 46000 +/- 700 and 48650 +/- 2380/1840 ybp (Baryshnikov 2014); calibration is not discussed (not clear if these are calibrated because two dates have symmetrically distributed errors and one doesn't)
Environment
Lithology: claystone
Taphonomic context: cave
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "Pleistocene mammal remains were recovered predominantly from the layer 4 (1 m of thickness), which is formed by a heavy clay colored from light-brown to fuscous and dark brown tints and containing numerous limestone debris" and there are "stone industries of Paleolithic type... Presumably, the cave was exploited for the initial processing of stone" (Baryshnikov 2014)
mode of accumulation is unclear
mode of accumulation is unclear
Methods
Life forms: bats, carnivores, rodents, ungulates, other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 4971 specimens
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: fossils were collected at some point in the 1960s and possibly 1970s
Metadata
Sample no: 3379
Contributor no: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-27 21:08:50
Modified: 2023-04-03 09:16:27
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
35 species
5 singletons
total count 4971
geometric series index: 44.4
Fisher's α: 5.082
geometric series k: 0.8113
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.8619
Shannon's H: 2.3889
Good's u: 0.999
Register
| Chiroptera indet. | 74 | |
| Lepus sp. | 16 | |
| Ochotona sp. | 12 | |
| Microtinae indet. | 15 | |
| Myopus sp. | 1 | |
| Canis lupus (gray wolf) | 390 | 43.0 kg |
| Vulpes vulpes (red fox) | 19 | |
| Nyctereutes procyonoides (raccoon dog) | 4 | 4.2 kg |
| Cuon alpinus (dhole) | 20 | |
| Ursus arctos (brown bear) | 175 | |
| Ursus thibetanus (Asian black bear) | 1 | |
| "Selenarctos thibetanus" | ||
| Mustela sibirica (Siberian weasel) | 2 | |
| Martes flavigula (yellow-throated marten) | 3 | 2.8 kg |
| Gulo gulo (wolverine) | 12 | 13.0 kg |
| Meles leucurus (Asian badger) | 12 | 11.0 kg |
| "Meles meles" | ||
| Lutra lutra (Eurasian otter) | 9 | 6.1 kg |
| Hyaenidae indet. | 169 | |
| "Hyaena sp." - unlikely to be genus Hyaena | ||
| Prionailurus bengalensis (leopard cat) | 1 | |
| "Felis bengalensis" | ||
| Lynx lynx (Eurasian lynx) | 31 | |
| "Felis lynx" | ||
| Panthera sp. | 233 | |
| tigris and spelaea | ||
| Panthera pardus (leopard) | 31 | |
| †Mammuthus primigenius (woolly mammoth) | 45 | |
| Equus ferus (wild horse) | 230 | |
| "Equus caballus" - not domesticated | ||
| †Coelodonta antiquitatis (woolly rhinoceros) | 33 | |
| Sus scrofa (pig) | 33 | |
| Moschus moschiferus (Siberian musk deer) | 20 | 9.3 kg |
| Capreolus pygargus (Siberian roe deer) | 706 | |
| "Capreolus capreolus" | ||
| Cervus nippon (sika deer) | 1224 | 103.0 kg |
| Cervus elaphus (red deer) | 1008 | |
| Alces alces (moose) | 108 | 421.0 kg |
| Rangifer tarandus (reindeer) | 1 | 69.0 kg |
| Naemorhedus goral (Himalayan goral) | 134 | 25.0 kg |
| †Bison priscus (bison) | 196 | |
| †Bos baikalensis (bovid) | 2 | |
| "Poephagus baicalensis" | ||
| Ovis sp. | 1 | |