Cueva de Nerja (Last Glacial Maximum)
Basic information
Sample name: Cueva de Nerja (Last Glacial Maximum)
Sample aka: Nerja Cave
Reference: M. Cortés-Sánchez, A. Morales-Muñiz, M. D. Simón-Vallejo, M. M. Bergadà-Zapata, A. Delgado-Huertas, P. López-García, J. A. López-Sáez, M. C. Lozano-Francisco, J. A. Riquelme-Cantal, E. Roselló-Izquierdo, A. Sánchez-Marco, and J. L. Vera-Peláez. 2008. Palaeoenvironmental and cultural dynamics of the coast of Málaga (Andalusia, Spain) during the Upper Pleistocene and early Holocene. Quaternary Science Reviews 27(23-24):2176-2193 [ER 3772]
Geography
Country: Spain
State: Málaga
Coordinate: 37° 46' 42" N, 4° 51' 45" W
Latlng basis: stated in text
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3772
Unit number: 3
Unit order: above to below
Max Ma: 0.024
Min Ma: 0.01794
Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)
Geography comments: "The Cueva de Nerja (Caves of Nerja) are a series of caverns close to the town of Nerja in the Province of Málaga, Spain. The site is located on the south side of the Almijara Mountain, in the area commonly known as Ladera del Aguila, and rises some 158 m a.s.l".
"The Last Glacial Maximum stage at Cueva de Nerja ranges from around 24, 000 to 17, 940 ± 200 BP".
"The Last Glacial Maximum stage at Cueva de Nerja ranges from around 24, 000 to 17, 940 ± 200 BP".
Environment
Lithology: not described
Taphonomic context: carnivore accumulation, cave, human accumulation
Archaeology: bone tools, stone tools
Habitat comments: "The Last Glacial Maximum stage of Cueva de Nerja consists of two substages that are separated by an erosional hiatus. The first (c. 24, 000 to 20, 000 BP) is related to the last stage of the penultimate cold oscillation of the most recent Würm glaciation. It contains Gravettian industries, which decrease in frequency in the lower layers and occur along with hyena coprolites". During these 4, 000 years, the caves were used seasonally by small groups of humans, and were occupied by cave hyena during periods when humans were absent.
"The second substage (18, 420 to 17, 940; after the hiatus) corresponds with the last interglacial phase of the Würm glaciation and includes include Solutrean industries". By this time, the human population had taken up year-round residence of the caves.
"The second substage (18, 420 to 17, 940; after the hiatus) corresponds with the last interglacial phase of the Würm glaciation and includes include Solutrean industries". By this time, the human population had taken up year-round residence of the caves.
Methods
Life forms: carnivores, rodents, ungulates, marine mammals, other small mammals, birds, fishes, clams, snails, other invertebrates
Sampling methods: quarry, screenwash
Sample size: 18415 specimens
Net or trap nights: 0
Basal area status: not applicable
Sampling comments: "Sediments obtained from excavation were sieved with pressured water and floated using sieves of 10, 5, and 1 mm diameter". The counts for each of the stages presented in the reference paper were combined from multiple studies.
Metadata
Sample no: 4050
Contributor no: Benjamin Carter
Enterer: Benjamin Carter
Created: 2023-02-14 15:23:33
Modified: 2023-05-30 03:34:14
Abundance distribution
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts. Values are logged.
Statistics
75 species
25 singletons
total count 18415
geometric series index: 132.8
Fisher's α: 9.971
geometric series k: 0.8834
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.6629
Shannon's H: 1.5608
Good's u: 0.9986
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