Maka'amitalu (A.L. 666)
Basic information
Sample name: Maka'amitalu (A.L. 666)
Reference: J. Rowan, I. A. Lazagabaster, C. J. Campisano, F. Bibi, R. Bobe, J.-R. Boisserie, S. R. Frost, T. Getachew, C. C. Gilbert, M. E. Lewis, S. Melaku, E. Scott, A. Souron, L. Werdelin, W. H. Kimbel, and K. E. Reed. 2022. Early Pleistocene large mammals from Maka'amitalu, Hadar, lower Awash Valley, Ethiopia. PeerJ 10(e13210):1-50 [ER 3955]
Geography
Country: Ethiopia
Coordinate: 11.153° N, 40.554° E
Coordinate basis: estimated from map
Formation: Busidima
Time interval: Early Pleistocene
Max Ma: 2.4
Min Ma: 2.35
Age basis: other
Geography comments: "from the Maka'amitalu area at Hadar... a small basin of exposures... within a spatially restricted area of ~1 km2 with a stratigraphic thickness of ~18 m"
almost immediately east of Qaddaqaara and the Ada'ar Health Center based on Fig. 2
"Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage"
"Tuff 3 (BKT-3)... lies just above the A.L. 666 and A.L. 894" sites and was dated at 2.33 +/- 0.07 Ma "using plagioclase feldspars" and this was "recalculated to 2.35 +/- 0.07 Ma" following recalibration of the 40Ar/39Ar standard
age bracket is therefore 2.4 Ma based on biochronology and 2.35 Ma based on the tuff
almost immediately east of Qaddaqaara and the Ada'ar Health Center based on Fig. 2
"Considering the age of BKT-3 and biochronology, a range of 2.4–1.9 Ma is most likely for the faunal assemblage"
"Tuff 3 (BKT-3)... lies just above the A.L. 666 and A.L. 894" sites and was dated at 2.33 +/- 0.07 Ma "using plagioclase feldspars" and this was "recalculated to 2.35 +/- 0.07 Ma" following recalibration of the 40Ar/39Ar standard
age bracket is therefore 2.4 Ma based on biochronology and 2.35 Ma based on the tuff
Environment
Lithology: siltstone
Taphonomic context: fluvial deposit
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "a high-energy fluvial system... dominated by overbank deposits of silts and clayey-silts without discrete fossiliferous horizons"
"Oldowan stone tool assemblages" are present and described in earlier literature
there is no specific discussion of taphonomy or accumulation agents
"Oldowan stone tool assemblages" are present and described in earlier literature
there is no specific discussion of taphonomy or accumulation agents
Methods
Life forms: primates,ungulates
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 21 specimens
Sampling comments: fossils at this exact site were "recovered in situ from excavations"
Metadata
Sample number: 4364
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2023-08-31 21:25:55
Modified: 2023-08-31 11:29:52
Abundance distribution
7 species
3 singletons
total count 21
geometric series index: 17.1
Fisher's α: 3.677
geometric series k: 0.7230
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7595
Shannon's H: 1.6610
Good's u: 0.8618
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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| Tragelaphus strepsiceros | 3 | 189 kg browser-grazer |
| Eudorcas praethomsoni | 7 | |
| Kobus sp. | 1 | |
| sigmoidalis or ellipsiprymnus | ||
| Sivatherium maurusium | 1 | |
| Metridiochoerus modestus | 2 | |
| Theropithecus oswaldi oswaldi | 6 | |
| Homo sp. | 1 | |
| maxilla A.L. 666-1 | ||