Sehonghong (RF)
Basic information
Sample name: Sehonghong (RF)

Reference: I. Plug and P. Mitchell. 2008. Sehonghong: hunter-gatherer utilization of animal resources in the highlands of Lesotho. Annals of the Transvaal Museum 45:31-53 [ER 3742]
Geography
Country: Lesotho

State: Thaba-Tseka


Coordinate: 29° 46' S, 28° 47' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Section: 3742

Unit number: 6

Unit order: above to below

Ma: 0.01218

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "Sehonghong is a large rock-shelter on the banks of the Sehonghong River, close to its confluence with the Senqu (Orange/Gariep) in the Thaba Tseka District of the highlands of Lesotho. The site lies at an elevation of 1800 m above sea level".
Layer RF dates to 12,180 ± 110 BP based on a single radiocarbon date.

Environment
Lithology: ash

Taphonomic context: human accumulation,rock shelter

Archaeology: hearths,stone tools

Habitat comments: "Layer RF (Rockfall) consists of a major rockfall within and below which is a black, organic-rich loam with well-preserved macroplant remains and several grindstones. The plant remains and artefacts are interstratified with the rocks. Its lithic assemblage has been assigned to the Robberg Industry". Hearths are present throughout all of the Pleistocene layers.
"While not all of the animal remains in the deposit would have been accumulated by people, the intense degree of fragmentation and burning that characterizes the Sehonghong assemblages strongly suggests that people were responsible for acquiring almost all of the faunal remains".

Methods
Life forms: bats,carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates,other large mammals,other small mammals,birds,lizards,frogs,fishes,clams,snails

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 916 specimens

Sampled by: P. Mitchell

Years: 1992

Sampling comments: "The primary excavation of the site was conducted by P. Mitchell in 1992. All sediment removed from the deposits was dry-sieved through a 1.5 mm mesh".

Metadata
Sample number: 3984

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-08-25 15:30:55

Modified: 2023-05-30 01:41:11

Abundance distribution
33 species
5 singletons
total count 916
geometric series index: 47.5
Fisher's α: 6.700
geometric series k: 0.8263
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.7289
Shannon's H: 2.0459
Good's u: 0.9945
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Chiroptera indet.2
Soricidae indet.4
"Shrew"
Papio hamadryas312 kg
Canis mesomelas27.9 kg carnivore
Herpestidae indet.3
Panthera pardus133 kg carnivore
Panthera leo1147 kg carnivore
Caracal caracal312 kg carnivore
also 3 Felidae indet.
Equus capensis1
Equus quagga21279 kg grazer
also 10 Equus sp.
Procavia capensis1262.8 kg browser
Suidae indet.1
Connochaetes gnou22 grazer
Sylvicapra grimmia413 kg browser-grazer
Ourebia ourebi614 kg grazer-browser
Raphicerus campestris99.7 kg browser-grazer
Pelea capreolus5216 kg grazer
Hippotragus equinus6246 kg grazer
Taurotragus oryx57393 kg browser-grazer
"Tragelaphus oryx"
Redunca fulvorufula629 kg
also 313 Bovidae indet.
Hystrix africaeaustralis1415 kg browser
Cryptomys hottentotus6
Otomys sp.33
also 37 Rodentia indet.
Lepus saxatilis32.0 kg
also 8 Lagomorpha indet.
Strigiformes indet.1
also 30 Aves indet., including 11 "Francolins"
Pseudocordylus melanotus9
also 8 Lacertilia/Reptilia indet.
Anura indet.16
"Frog/toad"
Achatina sp.3
Unio caffer2
also 6 Unionidae indet.
Labeobarbus kimberleyensis16
Labeobarbus aeneus449
Labeo capensis23
also 974 Labeoninae indet.
Austroglanis sclateri11