Caverna degli Orsi (sondage A, Unit 11.2)
Basic information
Sample name: Caverna degli Orsi (sondage A, Unit 11.2)
Reference: C. Berto and G. Rubinato. 2013. The upper Pleistocene mammal record from Caverna degli Orsi (San Dorligo della Valle - Dolina, Trieste, Italy): A faunal complex between eastern and western Europe. Quaternary International 284:7-14 [ER 3095]
Geography
Country: Italy
Coordinate: 45° 37' N, 13° 51' E
Coordinate basis: based on nearby landmark
Time interval: Late Pleistocene
Section: 3095
Unit number: 5
Unit order: above to below
Geography comments: "about 12 km SE from Trieste, in the karst territory of San Dorligo della Valle - Dolina... on the northwestern slope of Monte Carso" (coordinate based on San Dorligo della Valle)
there is "no geochronometric dating" but faunal and archaeological evidence suggests that the sequence spans "MIS 5 to 2"
there is "no geochronometric dating" but faunal and archaeological evidence suggests that the sequence spans "MIS 5 to 2"
Environment
Lithology: claystone
Taphonomic context: cave
Archaeology: stone tools
Habitat comments: "very stony" and presumably in a matrix of clay loam or clay because surrounding units are made up of that material
there are artifacts "ascribed to Mousterian industry" from Units 11 and 13 in sondage A and 118 and 120 in sondage B
this was "a cave frequented by cave bears and other large carnivores with sporadic human presence" but the mode of accumulation is not discussed
there are artifacts "ascribed to Mousterian industry" from Units 11 and 13 in sondage A and 118 and 120 in sondage B
this was "a cave frequented by cave bears and other large carnivores with sporadic human presence" but the mode of accumulation is not discussed
Methods
Life forms: bats,carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals
Sampling methods: quarry
Sample size: 432 specimens
Sampling comments: excavations were "carried out between 1993 and 2004"
Metadata
Sample number: 3378
Contributor: John Alroy
Enterer: John Alroy
Created: 2019-08-27 15:44:25
Modified: 2023-04-29 00:58:26
Abundance distribution
20 species
7 singletons
total count 432
geometric series index: 40.7
Fisher's α: 4.337
geometric series k: 0.7345
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.3309
Shannon's H: 0.9449
Good's u: 0.9838
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
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Register
| Martes sp. | 1 | |
| Ursus cf. arctos | 3 | 156 kg frugivore-carnivore |
| Ursus spelaeus | 352 | |
| Panthera spelaea | 2 | |
| "Panthera leo spelaea" | ||
| Panthera pardus | 11 | 33 kg carnivore |
| Lynx lynx | 1 | 16 kg carnivore |
| Crocuta spelaea | 4 | |
| "Crocuta crocuta spelaea" | ||
| Sus scrofa | 1 | 54 kg herbivore |
| Capreolus capreolus | 3 | 22 kg browser |
| Alces alces | 1 | 421 kg herbivore |
| Arvicola amphibius | 2 | |
| "Arvicola terrestris" | ||
| Myodes glareolus | 13 | |
| "Clethrionomys glareolus" | ||
| Chionomys nivalis | 5 | |
| Dinaromys bogdanovi | 8 | |
| Microtus agrestis | 5 | |
| Microtus arvalis | 15 | |
| Microtus (Terricola) sp. | 1 | |
| "gr. multiplex-subterraneus" | ||
| Apodemus (Sylvaemus) sp. | 2 | |
| Sorex araneus | 1 | |
| Nyctalus noctula | 1 | 29.2 g insectivore |