Bat Cave
Basic information
Sample name: Bat Cave

Reference: O. Hawksley, J. F. Reynolds, and R. L. Foley. 1973. Pleistocene vertebrate fauna of Bat Cave, Pulaski County, Missouri. Bulletin of the National Speleological Society 35(3):61-87 [ER 3130]
Geography
Country: United States

State: Missouri


Coordinate: 37.87° N, -92.25° W
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Geography comments: "eight km northwest of Waynesville... in the SE1/4, NW1/4, NE1/4 of Sec. 4, T. 36 N., R. 12 W."
there are no radiocarbon dates and the fauna is assigned to "as early as a late-Wisconsinan glacial stade at 16,500 to 13,500 years BP" on qualitative grounds

Environment
Lithology: claystone

Taphonomic context: cave,fluvial deposit

Habitat comments: "Generally, the bones were found within the upper 30cm of a matrix consisting of phrenatic clay and residual materials from the dolomite... bones were either carried into the passage by water or were moved within the passage by water after original deposition. However, there is little evidence of wear by tumbling, so the bones could not have been moved far. Some material, such as... a single individual of the extinct bear, Arctodus simus... appear to have been found at the original site of a 'bear bed'"

Methods
Life forms: bats,carnivores,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,snakes,frogs,salamanders

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 6974 specimens

Years: 1958, 1960 - 1968

Sampling comments: "The majority of the bones were recovered by careful excavation" and "some of the matrix" was "screened for small teeth and bones"
"A single tibia" of Rattus sp. "apparently was taken from the surface" and is not included in the list

Metadata
Sample number: 3417

Contributor: John Alroy

Enterer: John Alroy

Created: 2019-08-31 16:39:44

Modified: 2019-09-04 11:39:10

Abundance distribution
38 species
16 singletons
total count 6974
geometric series index: 77.9
Fisher's α: 5.289
geometric series k: 0.7893
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.1724
Shannon's H: 0.5188
Good's u: 0.9977
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Cryptobranchus sp.3
Anaxyrus sp.1
"Bufo sp."
Rana sp.1
Pituophis sp.3
plus four other Colubridae indet. specimens
Passeriformes indet.1
Sorex cf. cinereus14.1 g
plus one other Sorex specimen
Blarina brevicauda brevicauda115.1 g
Myotis cf. lucifugus37.4 g insectivore
Myotis cf. grisescens1
Myotis sodalis106.6 g insectivore
plus 10 other Myotis specimens
Perimyotis subflavus15.6 g insectivore
"Pipistrellus subflavus"
Eptesicus fuscus117.2 g insectivore
Lasiurus cf. cinereus820.7 g insectivore
Lasiurus cf. borealis311.5 g insectivore
plus 142 other Vespertilionidae specimens
Sylvilagus floridanus31.1 kg herbivore
Lepus americanus301.4 kg browser
Marmota monax1424.5 kg
Tamias striatus68113 g frugivore-insectivore
plus one other Tamias specimen
Tamiasciurus cf. hudsonicus8187 g
Geomys bursarius15
Castor canadensis311 kg
Peromyscus sp.12
Neotoma floridana44252 g
Myodes cf. gapperi124.1 g
"Clethrinonomys cf. gapperi"
Microtus pennsylvanicus935.7 g
Microtus xanthognathus2668.5 g
plus 11 other Microtus or Pitymys specimens
Ondatra zibethicus11.1 kg
Synaptomys borealis121.3 g
Aenocyon dirus177
"Canis dirus"
Canis latrans512 kg carnivore-insectivore
Vulpes vulpes25.3 kg carnivore-insectivore
"Vulpes fulva"
Arctodus simus45
Ursus americanus1115 kg browser-insectivore
plus four other, immature bear specimens
Procyon lotor15.5 kg carnivore-granivore
Pekania pennanti13.8 kg
"Martes pennanti"
Neogale frenata1144 g carnivore
"Mustela frenata"
Lynx cf. rufus19.0 kg carnivore
Platygonus compressus6339