Doi Pha Kan
Basic information
Sample name: Doi Pha Kan

Reference: V. Zeitoun, P. Auetrakulvit, A. Zazzo, A. Pierret, S. Frère, and H. Forestier. 2019. Discovery of an outstanding Hoabinhian site from the Late Pleistocene at Doi Pha Kan (Lampang province, northern Thailand). Archaeological Research in Asia 18:1-16 [ER 3745]
Geography
Country: Thailand

State: Lampang


Coordinate: 18° 27' N, 99° 46' E
Coordinate basis: stated in text

Time interval: Late Pleistocene

Max Ma: 0.01293

Min Ma: 0.01117

Age basis: radiocarbon (uncalibrated)

Geography comments: "The archaeological site of Doi Pha Kan is located in Lampang province, northern Thailand. The site is a rock-shelter that opens up in the eastern wall of the Doi Pha Kan mountain".
"The dates obtained for three burials from the site ranged from 11,170 ± 40 to 12,930 ± 50 BP".

Environment
Lithology: not described

Taphonomic context: human accumulation,rock shelter

Archaeology: burials,stone tools

Habitat comments: "The Doi Pha Kan deposits are dusty loamy sediments that have accumulated over a depth of at least two meters. No distinctive stratigraphic layers were identified".
"A total of 2144 Hoabinhian lithic artefacts and 31,698 faunal remains have been uncovered from the site. In addition, three adult and four child (10 months old) burials were uncovered. Several red-ochre painted figures (including hands, carnivores, proboscideans, bovids, etc.) are also present".
"The observed fauna is indicative of a forest environment and the anatomical distributions of Cervus and Bos remains suggest that butchering was consistently conducted outside of the rock-shelter. It is also possible that ligaments, tendons, and skins, or even bones, were used for non-food purposes. The faunal remains indicate that people at Doi Pha Kan were hunter-gatherers".

Methods
Life forms: bats,carnivores,primates,rodents,ungulates,other small mammals,birds,lizards,snakes,turtles,fishes,crustaceans,clams,snails

Sampling methods: quarry,screenwash

Sample size: 1641 specimens

Sampling comments: "Due to the loose nature of the deposits the site was excavated very carefully to avoid disturbing the sediments and embedded archaeological remains; small successive trenches less than 90 cm deep were excavated".
"All artefacts exceeding a length of 1 cm in at least one dimension were recorded in three dimensions. Smaller objects were collected by sieving out 5 cm thick sediment layers taken from 1 m2 plots".

Metadata
Sample number: 3993

Contributor: Benjamin Carter

Enterer: Benjamin Carter

Created: 2022-09-03 12:36:02

Modified: 2022-09-03 02:42:33

Abundance distribution
37 species
9 singletons
total count 1641
geometric series index: 66.7
Fisher's α: 6.726
geometric series k: 0.8291
Hurlbert's PIE: 0.6194
Shannon's H: 1.3913
Good's u: 0.9945
Each square represents a species. Square sizes are proportional to counts.
Register
Bos gaurus5481 kg
Bos javanicus2488 kg
also 395 Bos sp.
Capricornis sp.2
Cervus unicolor17100 kg grazer-browser
Cervus eldii1
also 559 Cervidae indet. and 44 Bovidae/Cervidae indet.
Muntiacus vaginalis2
"Muntiacus muntjak" - reassignment based on geography; also 60 Muntiacus sp.
Sus sp.39
Rhinocerotidae indet.3
Trachypithecus sp.7
Macaca sp.1
Nycticebus sp.1
Hylobates sp.1
also 16 Primates indet.
Arctonyx collaris3 invertivore
Viverridae indet.8
Prionailurus bengalensis33.4 kg carnivore
Panthera pardus233 kg carnivore
Helarctos malayanus232 kg frugivore-insectivore
also 10 Carnivora indet.
Lepus peguensis1
Hystrix sp.10
Atherurus sp.10
Cannomys badius3
Petaurista sp.1
also 91 Rodentia indet.
Chiroptera indet.4
Columbidae indet.1
Indotestudo elongata6
also 937 Testudines indet.
Ophiophagus hannah4
Malayopython reticulatus2
Colubridae indet.10
Viperidae indet.1
also 12 Serpentes indet.
Lacertidae indet.2
Varanus bengalensis2
Varanus salvator2
also 308 Varanus sp. and 8 Squamata indet.
Mystus sp.1
also 14 Osteichthyes indet.
Brachyura indet.850
Unionidae indet.82
also 143 Bivalvia indet.
Stylommatophora indet.541
Cyclophorus sp.9